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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million adults in the United States. Many types of medications are available to treat anxiety treatment without meds (just click the next website).

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They're not addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which include citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs also treat depression and can alleviate the symptoms of other anxiety disorders, like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It can take up to one month before they begin working.

They work by increasing the levels of certain chemical messengers in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. They're typically the first treatment option for anxiety, however doctors also employ other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, called serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They are a bit different from SSRIs since they reduce norepinephrine, however at a lower rate than SSRIs. These medications take a lengthy time to work and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, notably GAD. However their drowsiness as well as other adverse effects make them less well-known. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another kind of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. However, their strict dietary restrictions and high risk of toxicity limit their usage.

Benzodiazepines can be used treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause tolerance and addiction, sedation and apathy and withdrawal reactions that may cause anxiety, depression and even delirium. The most common benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an important part of the treatment for anxiety, as it helps you discover more about the symptoms and their causes. Many people find that medication and therapy both aid in coping. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy is just as effective as medications for anxiety. Talk with your physician about your options and which is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines produce an calming effect, which can reduce anxiety and relax tense muscles. They also alleviate symptoms of bodily arousal related to fear (like heart rate and shaking) and encourage sleep.

The way they function is through binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutryic acids or GABA which is a receptor in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and decreasing the amount of messages sent to amygdala. This is a part of the brain which assesses threats and creates a sense of fear.

These medications can be used for short durations, such as when panic attacks occur or if you are experiencing severe anxiety. They may relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines, unlike SSRIs don't stay in the body long. They're fast-acting and can work in a matter of hours. This makes them ideal for situations where immediate relief is needed (such as during an airplane ride or before giving a presentation in public).

Because they can be addictive, people are usually only prescribed them for up to four weeks at a go. After that time, they also become less effective.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines became so popular is that they were effective and had minimal side effects, when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate and barbiturates. They have a rapid time to begin their action and are extremely effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety) as well as sedatives and anticonvulsants as well as as muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that were developed in the 1970s and 1980s which included the reduction of the disorder, and the perception that benzodiazepine therapies lead to physical dependence. Despite this however, benzodiazepines still play a major role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when they are combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal therapies.

Benzos may interact with other medications and trigger undesirable side effects such as drowsiness and disorientation. It's important to let your doctor be aware of any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medications you're currently contemplating or are taking. You can determine which medications are safe to take with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of drug interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health problems. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants to treat other conditions as well, including eating disorders, certain kinds of pain, and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are often prescribed as a first-line treatment for anxiety by doctors, however they might not work for all people. If these antidepressants aren't working the doctor might suggest an older version known as a tetracyclic, or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine, dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. They're not as popular as the latest antidepressants, yet they're still readily available. Your doctor can prescribe the sedating antidepressant Trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Nefazodone, a.k.a Ferdinand (Cymbalta) and duloxetine can also be beneficial. These drugs are also available in generic form. If they aren't working, your physician can try the tranquilizing antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine and olanzapine.

Medications for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers that reduce the heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the actions of adrenaline. These medications are not typically used to treat anxiety by themselves, but they can be effective if combined with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you to change negative thoughts and behaviors that cause anxiety. It can help you manage your anxiety and teach you coping skills. Based on the severity of your situation, you may undergo cognitive behavioural therapy or exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy assists you to develop the ability to confront negative thoughts, fears and the fear of situations that cause anxiety. The process involves increasing the level of anxiety-inducing situations until they can be managed. It can be done either in a group, or by yourself. In both cases, results can take a while to show. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best choice for some people. Some people find that medication alone is enough to control symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Although benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most common medications to treat anxiety, other drugs can ease your symptoms as well. Beta blockers, antihistamines and buspirone are often prescribed to ease anxiety disorder treatment without medication.

These medications can help ease your symptoms, by lowering or blocking the signals that trigger anxiety and stress. But, they're not an all-in-one solution. You'll still have to take steps to control anxiety, including physical exercise relaxation techniques, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor might initially prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medication to treat anxiety, which includes SSRIs and SNRIs. According to research, these medications are the most effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are usually found in sertraline (Zoloft) and Citropram, fluoxetine, and escitalopram. These drugs can cause mild side effects such as insomnia and nausea, however these tend to subside within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they do not increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam, clonazepam, and diazepoxide, (Valium) are a quick relief from panic and anxiety attacks. However, they could cause side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. They can also cause problems with coordination and memory, and even dependence. These medications are less well-known than the older barbiturates, but they are equally effective.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially created to treat allergies. However, they are also used to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine block histamine receptors within the brain and may cause a calming effect. It's not a controlled drug and therefore doesn't carry the same risks of addiction like benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are a different type of medication which can help with anxiety. They have been proven to reduce anxiety by blocking the production and release of dopamine and sérotonin. They might be prescribed in combination with other drugs or as a temporary treatment for anxiety treatment meds. Your doctor will evaluate your symptoms and health history to determine whether these medications are suitable for you. They will also discuss the duration of time you should take these medications and any negative side effects that might occur. Anxiety medication is only available by prescription, which means that it is necessary to see a psychiatrist to prescribe it.